Method for inhibiting fading and enhancing color intensity of color-treated hair

ABSTRACT

The invention provides a method for inhibiting color fading in color-treated keratinous fibers, which method includes treating the keratinous fibers with a color-fade inhibiting-effective effective amount of a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt. The invention also provides a method for enhancing the intensity of color in color-treated keratinous fibers, which method includes treating the keratinous fibers with a color intensity enhancing effective amount of an alkyl a quaternary ammonium salt. Additionally provided are products for inhibiting the fading of color and increasing the intensity of color in color-treated keratinous fibers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is common practice to alter or enhance the natural color of hair bycoloring the hair, e.g., by applying hair dyes. However, color-treatedhair is subject to fading due to exposure to the elements (e.g.,sunlight and air), shampooing, blow-drying, heating, combing andstyling. Consequently, efforts have been undertaken to develop productsand methods for protecting or inhibiting color fading of color-treatedhair.

Products and methods for protecting color-treated hair have beendescribed, for example, in WO 02/30373 (to Henkel), which describes theuse of short-chain aldehydes and formaldehyde releasing compounds toimprove color stability in dyed hair. In addition, WO 99/55295 (toProctor & Gamble Co.) describes the use of various conditioning agentsfor preventing or reducing color fade in dyed hair.

There is a need for improved methods and products for preventing thefading of color in color-treated hair. The present invention providessuch methods and products.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides methods and products for inhibiting thefading of color in color-treated keratinous fibers (e.g., hair) and forincreasing the color intensity of color-treated keratinous fibers (e.g.,hair). In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method forinhibiting color fading in color-treated keratinous fibers, which methodpreferably includes contacting keratinous fibers (e.g., color-treatedkeratinous fibers, e.g., color-treated hair) with a compositioncomprising a carrier and a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt in anamount effective to inhibit the fading of color in the keratinous fiberswhen color treated. Preferably, the keratinous fibers (e.g., hair orcolor-treated hair) are contacted with the composition for a period oftime effective for the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt to inhibit(e.g., prevent or reduce the rate of) fading of color in the keratinousfiber(s) when color-treated prior to or following application of thecomposition.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a product (e.g., ahair care product), which preferably includes a container, a compositioncontained within the container, and instructions for applying thecomposition to inhibit color fading of color-treated hair, wherein thecomposition comprises a carrier and a color fading inhibiting-effectiveamount of a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a method forinhibiting color fading in color-treated keratinous fibers, which methodpreferably includes contacting the keratinous fibers, e.g., bypre-treating keratinous fibers prior to color treatment, with acomposition comprising a carrier and a monoalkyl quaternary ammoniumsalt in an amount effective to inhibit the fading of color in thekeratinous fibers, and color-treating the keratinous fibers.

The composition preferably contains from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt %of the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt based on the weight of thecomposition. The monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt can include onemonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt or a combination of one or moremonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts. The composition applied inaccordance with the method of the present invention can further include,e.g., from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt % of a surfactant, and water.

The present invention additionally provides a method for enhancing theintensity of color in color-treated keratinous fibers, which methodpreferably includes contacting keratinous fibers with a compositioncomprising a carrier and an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt in an amounteffective amount to increase the intensity of color in the keratinousfibers, and color-treating the keratinous fibers, wherein colorintensity achieved by color-treating the keratinous fibers followingcontact with the composition is greater than the color intensityachieved by color-treating the keratinous fibers untreated with thecomposition. Preferably, the method includes pre-treating hair with acomposition containing a carrier and, e.g., from about 0.1 wt % to about15 wt % of the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt (or a suitable combinationof alkyl quaternary ammonium salts), and thereafter color-treating,wherein the color intensity following color treatment is greater thanthat which is otherwise achieved by color treating the hair untreatedwith the composition.

The present invention further provides products for inhibiting colorfading and increasing the color intensity of color-treated hairutilizing the compositions applied in accordance with the presentinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts the color fade inhibiting effect of an exemplarycomposition of the present invention based on chromometric data.

FIG. 2 depicts the color intensity enhancing effect of an exemplarycomposition of the present invention based on chromometric data.

FIG. 3 depicts the color fade inhibiting effect of an exemplarycomposition of the present invention based on chromometric data.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides methods for inhibiting fading incolor-treated keratinous fibers (e.g., hair) and for achieving greater,e.g., enhancing, color intensity in color-treated keratinous fibers(e.g., hair), which methods include contacting keratinous fibers (e.g.,hair or color-treated hair) with an effective amount of a compositionthat contains an effective amount of one or more suitable quaternaryammonium salts. It is believed that the quaternary ammonium saltsapplied in accordance with the present invention, particularly lowmolecular weight quaternary ammonium salts, can penetrate intokeratinous fibers, e.g., hair. See, e.g., Reutsch, J. Cosmet. Sci., 56,323-330 (2005) and Keis, J. Cosmet. Sci., 56, 283-295 (2005), whichteach that certain oils and low molecular weight quaternary ammoniumsalts, such as cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, are capable ofpenetrating the hair fiber to the cuticle thereby conditioning andextending the fatigue life of tested strands. Without wishing to bebound by any particular theory, it is believed the quaternary ammoniumsalt(s) that penetrate into the hair shaft can create stearic hindrancewithin the hair shaft, which prevents color-treating reagents, e.g.,hair dye, from leaching out or from being washed out of the hair shaft,allowing a greater amount of dye to be retained in the hair shaft,resulting in longer lasting color. It has also been found that theintensity of color achieved by color treatment can be enhanced when thehair is color treated following application of the quaternary ammoniumsalt in accordance with the present invention.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method forinhibiting color fading in color-treated keratinous fibers, which methodpreferably includes contacting color-treated keratinous fibers, e.g.,color-treated hair, with a composition comprising a carrier and a colorfading inhibiting-effective amount of a monoalkyl quaternary ammoniumsalt. Preferably, the color-treated keratinous fibers (e.g.,color-treated hair) are contacted with the composition for a period oftime effective for the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt to inhibit(e.g., prevent or reduce the rate of) fading of the color in thecolor-treated keratinous fibers relative to the fading of color in thecolor-treated keratinous fibers when untreated with the composition. Thekeratinous fibers can include hair such as, e.g., mammalian hair (e.g.,human hair). Preferably, the keratinous fibers include human hair.

The color fade-inhibiting monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts applied tothe keratinous fibers in accordance with the method of the presentinvention preferably include at least one compound of formula I:

wherein R¹ is preferably a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² and R³ are the same ordifferent and each is preferably a methyl or a hydrogen, R⁴ ispreferably a hydrogen, a methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbon atoms,and X is salt forming anion. Preferably, R¹ is a C-8 to C-12 alkyl. Inone embodiment, the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt is a compound offormula (I), wherein R¹ is a C₁₂ allyl.

Examplary salt forming anions (X) include, but are not limited to,halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, sulfonate radicals,and combinations thereof. Preferably, X is a chloride, a bromide or amethoxysulfonate.

Exemplary monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts, which can be used inaccordance with the color fade inhibiting method of the presentinvention, include, but are not limited to, lauryltrimonium chloride,cocotrimonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, oleyl alkonium chloride,and combinations thereof.

Preferably, the composition applied in accordance with the color fadeinhibiting method contains from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt % of themonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, which can include a combination ofone or more monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts, based on the weight ofthe composition. More preferably, the composition includes from about0.25 wt % to about 10 wt % of the monoallyl quaternary ammonium salt.

The pH of the composition preferably is from about 3.5 to about 10. Morepreferably, the pH of the composition is from about 5.0 to about 9.0,e.g., from about 6.0 to about 8.0.

The composition applied in accordance with the color fade inhibitingmethod of the present invention also can include one or moresurfactants, e.g., one or more water-soluble or hydrophilic surfactants.The surfactant can include, for example, water-soluble amodimethicones,water-soluble nonionic surfactants, water-soluble ionic surfactants,water-soluble amphoteric surfactants, and the like, and combinationsthereof. Exemplary surfactants include, without limitation,trideceth-9/12 PG amodimethicone (for example, Clariant Silcare SiliconeSEA), diquaternary polydimethylsiloxane (for example, Quaternium-80 orQuat 80), methoxy PEG/PPG-7/3 aminopropyl dimethicone (for example,Degussa ABM SOFT AF-100), bisamino PEG/PPG-41/3 aminoethyl PG-propyldimethicone (for example, GE Silsoft A-843), and the like, andcombinations thereof. The surfactant can be present in the composition,e.g., in an amount of from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt %., e.g., inan amount of from about 0.1 wt % to about 2.0 wt %.

The composition can further include, e.g., one or more emulsifiers,thickeners, preservatives, UV protectants, antioxidants, pH adjustingagents, botanical extracts, emollients, fragrances, gelling agents,moisturizing and conditioning agents, and the like, and combinationsthereof, which are commonly used in hair care products.

Suitable emulsifiers can include emulsifiers that are commonly used inhair care products and can include compounds such as, for example,isoceteth-20, dicetyl phosphate, ceteth-10-phosphate, sodium stearate,stearic acid, cetearyl alcohol, stearamidopropyldimethylamine,behentrimonium methosulfate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, cetearylglucoside, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and thelike, and combinations thereof.

Suitable thickeners can include, for example, xanthan gum, guar gum,hyoroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, starchand starch derivatives, viscosity modifiers (e.g., methanolamides oflong chain fatty acids such as, e.g., cocomonoethanol amide) also fattyalcohols, acrylates and acrylates copolymers, crystalline suspendingagents, pearlescent aids (e.g., ethylene glycol distearate), and thelike, and combinations thereof.

Suitable preservatives can include, for example, benzyl alcohol, methylparaben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylalcohol, DMDM hydantoin, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, and the like, and combinations thereof.

Suitable UV protectants (which include agents that protect against UVAand UBV) can include, for example, 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate,2-ethylhexyl N,Ndimethyl-p-aminobenzoate, p-aminobenzoic acid,2-phenylbenzimidazole-5sulfonic acid, octocrylene, oxybenzone,homomethyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, 4,4′-methoxy-1-b utyldibenzoylmethane, 4-isopropyl dibenzoylmethane, 3-benzylidene camphor,3-(4-methylbenzylidene) camphor, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silica,iron oxide, Parsol MCX, Eusolex 6300, Octocrylene, Parsol 1789,4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acid ester of2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acidester with 4-hydroxydibenzoylmethane,4-N,N-(2ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acid ester of2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzophenone,4-N,N-(2-ethylhexyl)methylaminobenzoic acid ester of4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)dibenzoylmethane, sodium benzotriazolyl butyl phenolsulfonate and the like, and combinations thereof.

Suitable antioxidants can include, for example, tocopheryl acetate,butylated hydroxy toluene, polyphenols and extracts known in the art fortheir anti oxidant properties (e.g. green tea, grape seed extracts andothers) and the like, and combinations thereof.

Examples of pH adjusting agents that may be incorporated into thecomposition can include, for example, citric acid, sodium citrate,succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; andsalts, in general, such as potassium acetate and sodium chloride.

Suitable carriers can include, for example, water, alcohols, glycols(e.g. propylene glycol). A preferred carrier is water.

The composition also may contain DMDM hydantoin, diazolidinyl urea, or acombination thereof DMDM hydantoin can be present, for example, in anamount of from about 0.1 wt % to about 5.0 wt %, e.g., about 1.0 wt %.In compositions containing diazolidinyl urea, the diazolidinyl urea canpreferably present, for example, in an amount of from about 0.1 wt % toabout 1.0 wt %, e.g., about 0.4 wt %.

In accordance with the present invention, the keratinous fibers may becontacted with the composition before being color-treated, followingcolor treatment, or both. In either embodiment, the keratinous fibersmay be contacted with the composition for a period of time ranging fromabout 0.5 minutes to about 30 minutes. Preferably, the keratinous fibersare contacted with the composition for a period of time between about 1minute and about 10 minutes, and more preferably from about 1 minute toabout 5 minutes.

Preferably, the method of the present invention includes contacting hairwith a composition containing from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt % of amonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt % ofa surfactant, and a carrier, which is preferably water. The hair ispreferably contacted for a period of time effective for the compositionto inhibit fading of color in the hair when the hair is color-treatedprior to application of the composition.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method forinhibiting the fading of color in color-treated keratinous fibers, whichmethod includes contacting the keratinous fibers (e.g., by pre-treatingthe keratinous fibers prior to color treatment) with a compositioncontaining a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt in an amount effectiveto inhibit the fading of color in the keratinous fibers when the hair iscolor-treated following application of the composition, and thereaftercolor-treating the keratinous fibers.

The present invention also provides a product for treating keratinousfibers, which is preferably hair care product, which product includes acontainer, a composition contained within the container and instructionsfor applying the composition to keratinous fibers (e.g., hair) inhibitcolor fading in color-treated keratinous fibers, wherein the compositionpreferably includes a carrier and a color fading inhibiting-effectiveamount of a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt.

The present invention further provides a method for enhancing theintensity of color in color-treated keratinous fibers, which methodincludes contacting keratinous fibers with a composition comprising acarrier and an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt in an amount effective toincrease the intensity of color of the keratinous fibers following colortreatment, and color-treating the keratinous fibers. The intensity ofcolor achieved by color-treating the keratinous fibers treated inaccordance with the method of the present invention is greater than theintensity of color achieved when the keratinous fibers are untreatedwith the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt. Preferably, the quaternaryammonium salt used for enhancing color intensity in accordance with themethod of the present invention includes at least one compound offormula II:

wherein R¹ is preferably a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is preferably a C₆-C₁₈alkyl, a methyl or a hydrogen, R³ is preferably a methyl or a hydrogen,R⁴ is preferably an aralkyl comprising 7 carbon atoms, a methyl or ahydrogen, and X is a salt forming anion such as, for example, a halogen,acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate,sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, sulfonate radicals, andcombinations thereof (preferably chloride, bromide or methoxysulfonate).In one embodiment, R¹ and R² are the same or different and each is aC₆-C₁₈ alkyl. In another embodiment, R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² and R³ arethe same or different and each is a hydrogen or a methyl, and R⁴ is ahydrogen, a methyl, or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbon atoms.

Examples of quaternary ammonium salts suitable for enhancing colorintensity in accordance with the method of the present inventioninclude, but are not limited to, lauryltrimonium chloride (for example,ARQUAD 12-37W), cocotrimonium chloride (for example ARQUAD C-33W),cetrimonium chloride (for example Varisoft 300), oleyl alkoniumchloride, dilauryldimethylammonium chloride, dicocodimethylammoniumchloride (for example, ARQUAD 2C-70PG), dicetyldimethylammoniumchloride, dioleyldimethylammonium chloride, and the like, andcombinations thereof. Preferred quaternary ammonium salts, which can beused for enhancing color intensity in accordance with the method of thepresent invention, include, e.g., lauryltrimonium chloride (for example,ARQUAD 12-37W), cocotrimonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, oleylalkonium chloride, and combinations thereof.

The color intensity enhancing amount of the alkyl quaternary ammoniumsalt (which can include one or more alkyl quaternary ammonium salts) ispreferably from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt % of the quaternaryammonium salt(s), e.g., from about 0.25 wt % to about 10 wt % of thequaternary ammonium salt(s). Such compositions can further include,e.g., a surfactant and other additives as described herein.

The method of increasing color intensity in accordance with the methodof the present invention preferably includes contacting the keratinousfibers with the composition, which contains a color intensity-enhancingeffective amount of the quaternary ammonium salt, for from about 0.1minutes to about 30 minutes, and more preferably for from about 0.5minutes to about 10 minutes, and thereafter color treating the hair. Ina preferred embodiment, the method of increasing color intensity inaccordance with the method of the present invention includes contactinghair with a composition containing from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt %of one or more alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, from about 0.05 wt % toabout 10 wt % of a surfactant, and a carrier, which is preferably water,and thereafter color treating the hair.

The present invention additionally provides a product for treatingkeratinous fibers, e.g., a hair care product, which product includes acontainer, a composition contained within the container, andinstructions for applying the composition to keratinous fibers, e.g.,hair, and thereafter color treating the keratinous fibers, wherein thecomposition includes an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt in an amounteffective to increase the intensity of color of the keratinous fibers,e.g., hair, when color treated following application of the composition.

The following examples further illustrate the present invention but, ofcourse, should not be construed as in any way limiting its scope.

Example 1

This example demonstrates the application of monoalkyl quaternaryammonium salts to afford color fade protection to dyed tresses.

Small tresses were dyed with either CLAIROL Ultress Burgandy (tress nos.1-28) or GARNIER 100% Color #660 Intense Auburn (tress nos. 29-33). Thedyed tresses were then dipped for 10 minutes into the DI water solutionsdescribed in Tables 1-4. The tresses were then blow dried and allowed tostand at room temperature. The tresses were then soaked in DI waterovernight and then blown dry the following day. A visual evaluationagainst a control consisting of a dyed tress soaked in water overnightwith no prior dipping was carried out. The results of the experiment areshown in Tables 1-4.

TABLE 1 Comparative Samples Invention INGREDIENT 2 3 4 5 7 HerculesAquacat liquid guar 1% 0.8% 2% Clariant SilCare Silicone SEA 2%   1% 1%1% 1% Polyquaternium-10 0.6% 0.2%   Cocotrimonium Chloride (34%) 2%Visual Evaluation of Color Similar to Similar to Similar to Similar toRetained noticeably Fade Protection water soak. water soak. water soak.water soak. more reddish color than water soak Overall Grade Poor PoorPoor Poor Good

TABLE 2 14 20a INGREDIENT 7′ 11 16 (comparative) 15 12 17 (comparative)Clariant SilCare 1% 1% 1% 1% Silicone SEA Cocotrimonium 2% 2% 2% 2%Chloride (34%) Cetrimonium 2% Chloride (30%) Olealkonium 2% Chloride(30%) Quaternium-80 2% 1% (50%) GE Silsoft A-843 1% 1% (25%) DegussaAbilsoft 1% AF100 Visual Evaluation Similar to Less Similar ColorSimilar Similar Similar to Only of Color Fade previous red, to 11;similar to to 7′. to 7′. 7. Slightly slightly Protection 7. more maybe11, but Nearly as less color more color brown slightly lighter. good asthan 7′. retained color more Not much 7a. than water than 7. red anddarker soak. less than water brown. soak. Overall Grade Good Fair FairPoor Good Good Fair- Poor Good

TABLE 3 INGREDIENT 24a 24b 24c 24d 24e GE Silsoft A-843 (25%) 1% 1% 1%1% 1% Cocotrimonium Chloride (34%) 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% Dipping Time 2 min 4min 6 min 8 min 10 min Visual Evaluation of Color Fade Less color MoreMore red About About the Protection retained than reddish retained thesame same 7a; about as color than 24b, amount amount of much as 11retained but still of color color as (cetrimonium than 24a, & slightlyas 7 24b; less cl); brownish slightly less than 7 than 7a. more than 11,but less than 7 Overall Grade Fair Fair Fair-Good Good Fair-Good

TABLE 4 32a 33 INGREDIENT 31a 31b (comparative) 32b (comparative) GESilsoft A-843 (25%) 1% 1% 1% 1% Cocotrimonium Chloride 2% 2%. 1% (34%)Arquad 12-37W (37% 2% active, 95% C12) pH 6.69 8.64 5.31 5.83 5.84Visual Evaluation of Color Retained Similar Slightly Similar to VeryFade Protection noticeably more to 31a less color 32a slightly reddishcolor than than 31a/b more color water soak retained than 31a/b OverallGrade Good Good Fair- Fair- Good Good Good

The foregoing results show that the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium saltsafford color fade protection to dyed tresses. As shown in Table 1,cocotrimonium chloride provides color fade protection, while cationizedpolysaccharides (Hercules Aquacat liquid guar) and amodimethicone(Clariant Silcare Silicone SEA) do not. Further, the lower alkylquaternary ammonium salts (i.e., cocotrimonium chloride andlaurtrimonium chloride) appear to have greater color fade protectiveeffect, as shown in Tables 2-4. In addition, the length of time that thetresses were dipped in the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt solutionappears to correlate with greater color fade protection. Tresses soakedfor 6, 8, or 10 minutes in the same monoalkyl quaternary ammonium saltsolution exhibited greater color retention than tresses soaked for 2 or4 minutes (see Table 3).

The results also confirm that it is the monoalkyl quaternary ammoniumsalt that protects the tresses from color fading and that the surfactantin the dipping solutions has no effect on color fading. Tresses treatedwith a solution containing a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt and asurfactant (see, for example, tress no. 7) exhibited good colorretention. Tresses treated with a solution containing monoalkylquaternary ammonium salts without a surfactant (see, for example, tressnos. 17 and 31b) exhibited fair-good color retention. In contrast,tresses treated with a solution that contained a surfactant but did notcontain a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt (see, for example, tressnos. 5 and 20a) exhibited poor color retention and were in fact, similarto controls that were only soaked in water. Therefore, this studydemonstrates that monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salts are effective atinhibiting color fade of dyed tresses.

Example 2

This example demonstrates the effectiveness of a pre-shampoo treatmentin preventing color fade of dyed tresses.

Tresses (5 gm) were dyed with GARNIER 100% Color #660 Intense Auburn orL'OREAL Dark Burgundy Brown 4BR. The tresses were rinsed for 10 secondsand then soaked in 5 ml of one of the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium saltcontaining pre-treatment solutions (A-E) shown in Table 5, for 1, 5, or10 minutes. Following pre-treatment, the tresses were exposed to shampoo(0.6 ml, 1 min.), 15 second rinse, conditioner (1 ml, 2 min.), 15 secondrinse, blow-dry, let stand at room temperature for 1 hour. The tresseswere subjected to said treatment 5 times. All rinses were with tap waterat 35-40° C. with a flow rate ca 2 L/mn. The tresses were assessedvisually against a control in which there was no pre-treatment with oneof the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium pre-treatment solutions. Regardlessof the dye utilized, tresses that were pre-treated with a monoalkylquaternary ammonium pre-treatment solution showed greater colorintensity following the experiment compared with controls. Further, eventresses soaked in a pre-treatment solution for only 1 minute showedgreater color intensity compared with controls.

TABLE 5 INGREDIENT A B C D E Water 90.050 88.050 90.050 88.050 86.800Methylparaben 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.100 0.1000.100 0.100 0.100 Hydroxyethyl Cellulose 0.550 0.550 0.550 0.550 0.550Acetamide MEA 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Laurtrimonium Chloride 6.00010.000 (37%)/Arquad 12-W-47 Cocotrimonium Chloride 6.000 10.000 10.000(34%) DMDM Hydantoin 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.05 Imidazolidinyl Urea 0.400Water 2.000 2.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000 100.000

Example 3

This example demonstrates that pre-treatment of tresses prior to colortreatment results in greater intensity of color as well as reduced colorfade.

Tresses were dipped in a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt containingpre-coloring treatment solution shown in Table 6 for 10 min. Tresseswere then dyed with CLAIROL Ultress 4RV. Tresses were then soakedovernight in water.

Tresses that were pre-treated before dyeing exhibited greater intensitycolor compared to control tresses that were not pre-treated. Further,the pre-color treated tresses visually retained a vibrant colorfollowing the overnight soak in water compared to the control tresses,which lost most of their dyed color.

TABLE 6 INGREDIENT Water 97.000 COCOTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE 2.000 (34%)Bisamino PEG/PPG-41/3 Aminoethyl 1.000 PG-Propyl Dimethicone (25%)100.000

Example 4

This example demonstrates the effect of an exemplary composition of thepresent invention on the inhibition of color fade and the enhancement ofcolor intensity in dyed tresses.

Bleach blond tresses were sprayed with 4.8 mL of solution E and left incontact for 1 minute. The same tresses (pre-treated) along withuntreated bleached blond tresses (Control) were then dyed with GarnierIntense Auburn 660. All tresses were subjected to the same 5 shampoocycles that consisted of a rinse with tap water (10 seconds, 35-40° C.,2 L/min), shampoo with TRESSEMÉ Color Thrive shampoo (3 mL for 1minute), a rinse with tap water (20 seconds) 35-40° C., ca. 2 L/min),blow dry, and air dry for 1 hour. [

Color differences were evaluated using the CIE (International Commissionon Illumination) L, a, b Color Space System; where L is the amount ofwhiteness, a is the position on the red to green axis and b the positionon the blue to yellow axis. In this system, the total color differenceΔE, between two states is calculated from the L, a, b values measured ineach state as follows

ΔE=(ΔL ² +Δa ² +Δb ²)^(1/2)

The chronometric evaluations were performed with a Minolta CR-300. Theyshowed that the pre-treatment of tresses before dyeing enhanced colorintensity (Table 7) and additionally prevented color-fade after 5 washcycles (Table 8). In this example, L, a, and b values are measuredbefore dyeing, after completion of the dyeing step (following themanufacturer's direction), and finally after completion of the 5 shampoocycles. The total color change after dyeing and during the shampoocycles is evaluated by calculating the respective ΔE. The results arepresented in Table 7 and 8. A ΔE of 1 is visually perceptible.

TABLE 7 Color change after dyeing as shown in FIG. 1 Treatments ΔL Δa ΔbΔE Pre-color −47.5 14.6 −12.2 51.2 Treated Control −42.6 19.6 −6.2 47.3

The pre-treated tresses visually show a much a greater color change,which is indicated by a larger ΔE.

TABLE 8 Color change of the dyed tresses after 5 shampoo cycles as shownin FIG. 2 Treatments ΔL Δa Δb ΔE Pre-color 7.3 −0.7 4.4 8.6 TreatedControl 9.4 −4.5 3.9 11.1

The pre-treated tresses in this case show a smaller visible color changethan the control, which is indicated by a smaller ΔE, and therebyreflects protection against color fade. This is further illustrated inFIG. 2, which shows the color protection provided by the pre-coloringtreatment after 5 shampoo cycles compared to control tresses.

Example 5

This example demonstrates the effect of an exemplary composition of thepresent invention on the inhibition of color fade of dyed tresses whenused as a pre-shampoo treatment.

Tresses dyed with Garnier Intense Auburn 660 were subjected to 5 shampoocycles consisting of a rinse with tap water (10 seconds, 35-40° C., 2L/min), pre-shampoo treatment with Solution E from Example 2 (3 mL/5 gtresses, 1 minute contact), shampoo with TRESSEMÉ Color Thrive shampoo(0.6 mL per tress, for 1 minute), a rinse with tap water (20 seconds,35-40° C., 2 L/min), blow dry, and air dry for 1 hour. Chromometricanalysis was conducted as described in Example 4. The results are shownin Table 9 where tresses receiving pre shampoo treatment+shampoo arecompared with those receiving shampoo only. The total color change ΔE issmaller for the tresses that were pre-treated.

TABLE 9 Color change after 5 shampoo cycles ΔL Δa Δb ΔE Pre-shampoo 6.2−2.8 1.5 7.0 treatment + Shampoo Shampoo only 8.6 −3.0 3.4 9.8

The pre-shampoo treated tresses in this case show a smaller visiblecolor change than the control, which is indicated by a smaller ΔE, andthereby reflects color fading protection.

Example 6

This example demonstrates the effectiveness the effect of an exemplarycomposition of the present invention on the inhibition of color fade ofdyed tresses.

Tresses dyed with Garnier Intense Auburn 660 or L'OREAL Dark BurgundyBrown 4BR were subjected to 5 wash cycles consisting of a rinse with tapwater (10 seconds, 35-40° C., 2 L/min), pre-shampoo treatment withSolution E from Example 2 (3 mL/5 g tresses, 1 minute contact), shampoowith TRESSEMÉ Color Thrive shampoo (0.6 mL per tress, for 1 minute), arinse with tap water (20 seconds) 35-40° C., 2 L/min) then TRESSEMÉColor Thrive conditioner (1 mL, for 2 minutes), a rinse with tap water(20 seconds) 35-40° C., 2 L/min), blow dry, and air dry for 1 hour. Inthe case of the controls, the pre-shampoo treatment with Solution E wasomitted.

Chromometric analysis of the tresses was conducted similarly to thatdescribed in Example 4. The L, a, b were measured on dyed tresses, andon tresses after completion of the 5 wash cycles. The total colorchanges (SE) are visible and calculated from the measured L, a, bvalues. FIG. 2 shows the color intensity enhancing effect of thepre-shampoo treatment. Pre-shampoo treatment also prevented color fadeof dyed tresses (FIG. 3). The results of pre-shampoo treatment onprevention of color-fade are also shown in Tables 10 (dark burgundytresses) and 11 (auburn tresses).

TABLE 10 Tresses dyed with Garnier Auburn 660 ΔL Δa Δb ΔE Pre-shampoo6.0 −2.0 2.7 4.4 treatment + Shampoo + Conditioner Shampoo + 9.8 −4.63.7 6.7 Conditioner

The pre-shampoo treatment reduced the amount of color changesignificantly as indicated by the smaller ΔE values and thereby reflectscolor fading protection.

TABLE 11 Tresses dyed with L'Oreal Dark Burgundy Brown 4BR ΔL Δa Δb ΔEPre-shampoo 5.4 0.2 3.7 5.7 treatment + Shampoo + Conditioner Shampoo +8.8 −0.2 5.8 9.3 Conditioner

The pre-shampoo treatment reduced the amount of color changesignificantly as indicated by the smaller ΔE values and thereby reflectscolor fading protection.

All references, including publications, patent applications, andpatents, cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the sameextent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicatedto be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entiretyherein.

The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in thecontext of describing the invention (especially in the context of thefollowing claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and theplural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted bycontext. The terms “comprising,” “having,” “including,” and “containing”are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning “including, butnot limited to,”) unless otherwise noted. Recitation of ranges of valuesherein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referringindividually to each separate value falling within the range, unlessotherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated intothe specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methodsdescribed herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwiseindicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The useof any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”)provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the inventionand does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unlessotherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construedas indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice ofthe invention.

Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, includingthe best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention.Variations of those preferred embodiments may become apparent to thoseof ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Theinventors expect skilled artisans to employ such variations asappropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practicedotherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, thisinvention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subjectmatter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicablelaw. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in allpossible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unlessotherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.

1. A method for inhibiting color fading in color-treated hair, themethod comprising contacting hair with a composition comprising acarrier and a color fading inhibiting-effective amount of a monoalkylquaternary ammonium salt, wherein the composition inhibits fading ofcolor in the hair when the hair is color-treated.
 2. The method of claim1, wherein the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt comprises at least onecompound of the formula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² and R³ are the same or different andeach is methyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7carbon atoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the groupconsisting of halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate,nitrate, sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, andsulfonate radicals.
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein R¹ is a C₁₂ alkyl.4. The method of claim 1, wherein X is chloride, bromide ormethoxysulfate.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition has apH of from about 3.5 to about
 10. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein themonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt comprises lauryltrimonium chloride,cocotrimonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, oleyl alkonium chloride,or a combination thereof.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein themonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt comprises lauryltrimonium chloride.8. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises asurfactant.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the surfactant comprises awater-soluble amodimethicone, a water-soluble quaternized siliconederivative, a water-soluble nonionic surfactant, a water-soluble anionicsurfactant, a water-soluble amphoteric surfactant, or a combinationthereof.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the surfactant comprisesQuaternium-80, Degussa ABIL SOFT AF-100, GE Silsoft A-843, ClariantSilcare Silicone SEA, or a combination thereof.
 11. The method of claim8, wherein the surfactant is present in the composition in an amount offrom about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt %.
 12. The method of claim 11,wherein the surfactant is present in the composition in an amount offrom about 0.05 wt % to about 2.0 wt %.
 13. The method of claim 1,wherein the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt is present in thecomposition in an amount of from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt %. 14.The method of claim 13, comprising from about 0.25 wt % to about 10.0 wt% of the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
 15. (canceled)
 16. Themethod of claim 15, wherein the hair comprises human hair.
 17. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises one or moreadditives selected from emulsifiers, thickeners, preservatives, UVprotectants, pH adjusting agents, antioxidants, botanical extracts,emollients, fragrances, and combinations thereof.
 18. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the carrier comprises water.
 19. The method of claim 1,further comprising DMDM hydantoin, diazolidinyl urea or a combinationthereof.
 20. The method of claim 19, comprising from about 0.1 wt % toabout 5.0 wt % DMDM hydantoin.
 21. The method of claim 20, comprisingabout 1.0 wt % DMDM hydantoin.
 22. The method of claim 19, comprisingfrom about 0.01 wt % to about 1.0 wt % diazolidinyl urea.
 23. The methodof claim 22, comprising about 0.4 wt % diazolidinyl urea.
 24. The methodof claim 1, comprising contacting the hair with the composition for aperiod of time of from about 0.1 minutes to about 30 minutes.
 25. Themethod of claim 24, comprising contacting the hair with the compositionfor period of time of from about 0.5 minutes to about 10 minutes. 26.The method of claim 1, wherein the hair is color-treated after beingcontacted with the composition.
 27. The method of claim 1, wherein thehair is color-treated prior to being contacted with the composition. 28.A method for inhibiting color fading of color-treated hair, the methodcomprising contacting hair with a composition comprising: from about 0.1wt % to about 15 wt % of a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, of theformula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, methyl or H, R³ ismethyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbonatoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the group consistingof halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, and sulfonateradicals; from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt % of a surfactant, andwater, wherein the hair is contacted for a period of time effective forthe composition to inhibit fading of color in the hair when the hair iscolor-treated.
 29. A product comprising a container, a compositioncontained within the container, and instructions for applying thecomposition to inhibit color fading in hair, wherein the compositioncomprises a carrier and a color fading inhibiting-effective amount of amonoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt of the formula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, methyl or H, R³ ismethyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbonatoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the group consistingof halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, and sulfonateradicals.
 30. A product comprising a container, a composition containedwithin the container, and instructions for applying the composition tohair to inhibit color fading thereof in accordance with the method ofclaim
 1. 31. A method for pre-treating keratinous fibers prior tocolor-treatment, the method comprising contacting the keratinous fiberswith a composition comprising a monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, ofthe formula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, methyl or H, R³ ismethyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbonatoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the group consistingof halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, and sulfonateradicals, in an amount effective to inhibit the fading of color in thekeratinous fibers following color treatment, and color-treating thekeratinous fibers.
 32. A method for enhancing the intensity of colorachieved by color-treating keratinous fibers comprising: contacting thekeratinous fibers with a composition comprising a carrier and an alkylquaternary ammonium salt, of the formula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, methyl or H, R³ ismethyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbonatoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the group consistingof halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, and sulfonateradicals, in an amount effective amount to increase the intensity ofcolor in the keratinous fibers following color treatment; andcolor-treating the keratinous fibers, wherein, the intensity of colorachieved by color-treating the keratinous fibers is greater than theintensity of color achieved when the keratinous fibers are untreatedwith the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
 33. (canceled)
 34. The methodof claim 32, wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected C₆-C₁₈ alkyl.35. The method of claim 32, wherein R¹ is C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² and R³ areindependently selected and are H or methyl, and R⁴ is H, methyl, or anaralkyl comprising 7 carbon atoms.
 36. The method of claim 32, whereinthe quaternary ammonium salt is selected from lauryltrimonium chloride,cocotrimonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, oleyl alkonium chloride,dilauryldimethylammonium chloride, dicocodimethylammonium chloride,dicetyldimethylammonium chloride, dioleyldimethylammonium chloride, andcombinations thereof.
 37. The method of claim 32, wherein the quaternaryammonium salt is selected from lauryltrimonium chloride, cocotrimoniumchloride, cetrimonium chloride, oleyl alkonium chloride, andcombinations thereof.
 38. The method of claim 32, wherein thecomposition further comprises a surfactant.
 39. The method of claim 38,wherein the surfactant comprises one or more water-solubleamodimethicones, one or more water-soluble quaternized siliconederivatives, one or more water-soluble nonionic surfactants, one or morewater-soluble anionic surfactants, one or more water-soluble amphotericsurfactants, or a combination thereof.
 40. The method of claim 39,wherein the surfactant comprises Quaternium-80, Degussa ABIL SOFTAF-100, GE Silsoft A-843, Clariant Silcare Silicone SEA or a combinationthereof.
 41. The method of claim 38, wherein the surfactant is presentin the composition in an amount of from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt%.
 42. The method of claim 41, wherein the surfactant is present in thecomposition in an amount of from about 0.05 wt % to about 2.0 wt %. 43.The method of claim 32, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is presentin the composition in an amount of from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt %.44. The method of claim 43, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt ispresent in the composition in an amount of from about 0.25 wt % to about10.0 wt %.
 45. (canceled)
 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the hairis human hair.
 47. The method of claim 32, wherein the compositionfurther comprises one or more carriers, emulsifiers, one or morethickeners, one or more preservatives, one or more UV protectants, oneor more pH adjusting agents, one or more antioxidants, one or morebotanical extracts, one or more emollients, one or more fragrances, or acombination thereof.
 48. The method of claim 47, wherein the carriercomprises water.
 49. The method of claim 32, comprising contacting thekeratinous fibers with the composition for from about 0.5 minutes toabout 30 minutes.
 50. The method of claim 49, comprising contacting thekeratinous fibers with the composition for from about 5 minutes to about10 minutes.
 51. The method of claim 32, wherein the composition furthercomprises DMDM Hydantoin, diazolidinyl urea, or a combination thereof.52. The method of claim 51, comprising from about 0.1 wt % to about 5.0wt % DMDM hydantoin.
 53. The method of claim 52, comprising about 1.0 wt% DMDM hydantoin.
 54. The method of claim 51, comprising from about 0.01wt % to about 1.0 wt % diazolidinyl urea.
 55. The method of claim 54,comprising about 0.4 wt % diazolidinyl urea.
 56. A method for enhancingthe color intensity of color-treated hair, the method comprising:pre-treating hair with a composition comprising from about 0.1 wt % toabout 15 wt % of an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, of the formula:

wherein R¹ is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, R² is a C₆-C₁₈ alkyl, methyl or H, R³ ismethyl or H, and R⁴ is H, methyl or an aralkyl comprising 7 carbonatoms, and X is a salt forming anion selected from the group consistingof halogen, acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate,sulfonate, sulfate, alkylsulfate, alkylaryl sulfate, and sulfonateradicals; from about 0.05 wt % to about 10 wt % of a surfactant, andwater, and color treating the hair.
 57. The method of claim 56, whereinthe composition further comprises DMDM Hydantoin, diazolidinyl urea, ora combination thereof.
 58. The method of claim 57, comprising from about0.1 wt % to about 5.0 wt % DMDM hydantoin.
 59. The method of claim 58,comprising about 1.0 wt % DMDM hydantoin.
 60. The method of claim 57,comprising from about 0.01 wt % to about 1.0 wt % diazolidinyl urea. 61.The method of claim 60, comprising about 0.4 wt % diazolidinyl urea. 62.A product comprising a container, a composition contained within thecontainer, and instructions for applying the composition to hair toenhance the color intensity thereof in accordance with the method ofclaim 32.